【開源節流】--> "開源" & "節流"

According to leading Australian ID consultancies September 1998)
Survey conducted by University of Canberra Industrial Design Department

1) Sketching and freehand drawing ability have to be excellent... designers have to be fast and fluid, not slow and considered. No polished rendering now required, but basic quick sketch rendering still worthwhile. FAST and loose is the key.

Rendering skills are rapidly being surpassed by software: 10 years ag Final renderings with pastels and markers 5 years ag Final renderings with Photoshop and Illustrator Now: Final renderings with Photoshop and Alias or Pro/E + 3D Studio Max

2) Good model making ability in foam, plaster, resins, MDF board including at least an awareness of Rapid Prototyping technologies such as SLA, SLS, LOM, silicon rubber castings, investment casting, soft tooling options etc.

3) Have to know a Vector based package (such as Freehand or Illustrator 7) and a Raster based package (such as Photoshop or Photostyler)

4) 3D Modelling skills in 1 high end package such as Pro/E, Alias, Catia, I-DEAS or to a lesser extent 1 mid-range package like Solidworks 98, Form Z, Rhino 3D, 3D Studio Max etc

5) 2D CAD skills in Autocad, Microstation or Vellum as a fall back position.

6) Self starters with good presentation and interpersonal skills (able to think on their feet at a client meeting and make a case for the concept), report writing (researching and understanding a detailed brief, documenting the design decision process, QA documentation) any industry experience a bonus (work experience, prior employment, field trips to industrial sites such as car manufacturers, plastic injection moulding plants, toolmakers etc).

7) Excellent appreciation of form and the interaction of positive and negative space.

8) Portfolios should have clear progression of the idea from fluid sketch to detailed sketch to 3D model, GA‘s are not enough! At least one fully detailed and toleranced part drawing of an injection moulded product, good clear photos of a good model... no poorly scanned sketches!

9) A solid understanding of the product development process and how ID fits with marketing (concept of designing for particular price points and niche markets) another bonus. A good understanding of industrial techniques such as extrusions, laser cutting, fasteners, welding, sheet metal production, composites, blow moulding, injection moulding for electronic products (no Escher products or poorly thought out part lines!). Ability to understand and design basic membrane switches a bonus.

10) All consultancies operate on an hourly fee basis and their designers must document time spent on each project accurately. Time management skills are vital as are an indication of how long the 3D renderings, models and detailed drawings took to complete. Employers want to start making money with the graduate very soon!

(From http://www.core77.com )


1998年9月澳洲工業設計顧問委員會就砍培拉大學工業設計系進行的一項調查指出，工業設計學生應具備十項技能：

1、應有優秀的草圖和徒手作畫的能力。作為設計者，下筆應快而流暢，而不是緩慢遲滯。這裡並不要求精細的描圖，但迅速地勾出輪廓與稍事渲染是必要的。關鍵是要快而不拘謹。

2、有很好的製作模型的技巧。能使用泡沫塑料、石膏、樹脂、MDF板等塑型，並了解用SLA、SLS、LOM、矽膠等快速建立模型的技巧。

3、必須掌握一種向量繪圖軟體(比如FREEHAND、ILLUSTRATOR)和一種像素繪圖軟體(如PHOTOSHOP、PHOTOSTYLER)。

4、至少能夠使用一種高階三維造型軟體，如PRO/E、ALIAS、CATIA、I-DEAS或是次階的SOLIDWORKS98、FORM-Z、RHINO3D、3D STUDIO MAX等。

5、二維繪圖方面能使用AUTOCAD、MICROSTATION和VELLUM。

6、能夠獨當一面，具有優秀的表拿能力及與人交往的技巧（能站在客戶的角度看待問題和理解概念），具備實作設計報告的能力（在設計細節上進行探討與紀錄設計方案的決策過程）。有製作業方面的工作經驗則更好。

7、在型態方面具有很好的鑑賞力，對正負空間的架構有敏銳的感受能力。

8、拿出的設計圖樣從流暢的草圖到精細描繪緻，到三維的渲染應一應具全。至少應有細節完備、公差尺寸精細的圖稿和製作精良的模型照片。僅僅幾張輪廓圖是不夠的。

9、對產品從設計製造到走向市場的全部過程應有足夠的了解。如果能在工業製造技術方面，懂得更多則更好。

10、在設計流程的時間安排上要十分精確。三維渲染、製模、精細圖樣的繪製等應規定明確的時段。要知道，雇主聘用專業設計人員是為了盡快地賺到錢。

文章來源:http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/jw!ixFoemyIBRl6tvXP_CE-/article?mid=1140